Now a day’s chronic diseases act as an major contributed to total global mortality. Cardiovascular disease (CVD) contribute to this chronic diseases and has increase globally to 17.5 million in 2005, of this7.6 million were attributed to coronary artery disease (CAD) and 5.7 million stroke. WHO says that more than 80% of CVD death occurs in low and middle income countries [1].

The magnitude of increased in the prevalence of various cardiovascular risk factors as lead researchers to study the cause of risk factors which include smoking, alcoholism, gender, age, socio-economic status, and diseases.

Despite substantial social class disparities in cardiovascular disease mortality and risk factor prevalence, there are few reports on the feasibility and impact of community based, primary prevention programs targeted specifically to low income populations.

The community people experience various pressing social problems like drug and alcohol abuse which are perceived to be greater risk for developing CVD. The community based CVD study programs have specifically targeted populations of socioeconomic status [2,3].

Among a few established CVD modifiable risk factors, hypertension accounts nearly 70% of the CVD burden in the Asian- Pacific region although in reality, hypertension usually clusters with other CVD risk factors [4]. Occupational stress and obesity are very prevalent in low economic communities and emergency workers. Males are more prone to CVD than females due to tobacco consumption and alcoholism.

Environment exposure contribute to a under appreciate risk factor in development and severity of cardiovascular disease. It has been found that population in highly polluted area is associated with cardiovascular events and major adverse cardiac event (MACE) [5].

A detailed scientific review of literature was done by using IDIS (Iowa Drug Information Service), PubMed, Micromedex and other online databases were performed to optimise the social determinants of cardiovascular disease and community based surveillance.

It is now established that a group of major risk factors which involves tobacco, alcohol, inappropriate diet, physical inactivity obesity, hypertension, diabetes and dyslipidemia, governs the occurrence of CVD much before these are firmly established as disease.

Surveillance can be targeted to an inter population, whether at high risk, low risk, and special settings. At local levels surveillance helps the public health authority to study the trends, risk factors and impact of intervention in cardiovascular disease, which in turn helps in health programme development and monitoring [6].

Social determinants of cardiovascular diseases in the community: Social determinant of health can be defined as social condition in which a subject live and work. The study on social determinant of health is intended not only to prove its impact of social context on health, but also the mechanism in which this determinants act on health.

Social determinants on health conditions are physical, economic, social and psychological or personal resource. An individual has available to them for meeting their needs and adapting to that particular environment.

When it comes to cardiovascular diseases it is quite clear that thedisease is not only related to physical and chemical environment but also to the social and economic one. In fact the vast majority of studies in to the link between health and psychological l factors have been carried out in relation to cardiovascular diseases [1].

The key factor include working condition, jobs, social relationship, geographic environment and ethnicity. It has been found that psychological stress linked to the development of CVD risk like Hypertension, physical inactivity, and atherosclerosis. Self perceived stress as well as stress related measures have also been associated with CVD lie stroke.

Even though psychosocial factors accounts for the development of cardiovascular disease, this alone cannot be take into consideration. These are explained by traditional risk factors like obesity, smoking, heavy alcoholic consumption, unhealthy diet, and physical inactivity [8].

Socioeconomic status and heart disease: Socioeconomic status (SES) includes education, income and occupation of a specific individual or a population.

In factors like smoking and obesity varies considerably between studies and countries. Hypertension is a established risk factor in developing cardiovascular disease. Formal studies indicate hypertension is associated with high shear stress and vascular damage.

Smoking has been found to accelerated atherosclerotic plaque formation exercise tolerance among CVD patients. It is worth debating whether combines to increase public awareness and information pass on by practitioner should be clearly based on biomedical evidence, and at what extend it should be adapted to socio cultural settings [14].

Risk minimization and prevention of developing CVDS: Many countries were CHD is on rose having considered counselling and educational methods to encourage the people to reduce their risk for developing heart disease. A study lasting between six months and 12 year were conducted in different countries for a time periods of 4 decades.

The study suggested that intervention results in small reduction in risk factors which includes blood pressure, inactivity, Cholesterol, and smoking. But this small reduction in risk factors did not show any impact on the risk of cardiovascular risk in mortality or morbidity. Thus a different approach is needed as an intervention to reduce CVD among different countries particularly in developing countries.

Primary prevention decreases the risk of myocardial infarction (MI) and congestive heart failure. This primary preventions decrease the need for coronary revascularization, which includes CABG, PTCA, etc. this can in turn extents to improve quality of the population.

The American College of Cardiology (ACA) and American Heart Association (AHA) 2013 derives a new score to estimate the ten year of risk of developing first atherosclerotic cardiac vascular disease (ASCVD), which is explained as nonfatal MI, Coronary heart disease death (CHD), or fatal or non fatal stroke over a time period of ten years, in individual prove where initially free from ASCVD. The ACA/AHA guideline (2013) indicates that for patient’s age 20-79 years who do not have existing clinical ASCVD assess for clinical risk factors every 4-6 years.

Regardless of the patients age clinician should communicate data of the patient and refers to the AHA/ACC life style guideline whish covered diet and physical activity [15].