Clinico pathological study of goitre among women in a tertiary government hospital

Abstract

Introduction: Diseases of the thyroid gland are one of the commonest endocrine disorders in India as well as in the world. It is estimated that nearly 42 million people in India suffer from thyroid diseases. They may be diffuse or nodular, benign or malignant, euthyroid or hyperthyroid in status. The spectrum of thyroid diseases includes simple goitre, thyroiditis, adenoma, carcinoma, multinodular goiter, hypo or hperthyroidism and Graves' disease. It is postulated that the incidence of thyroid nodule increases with age, in women, in people with iodine deficiency, and after radiation exposure.

Materials & Methods: Study done in Government General Hospital Ananthapuramu. Cross sectional descriptive study. Study subjects were included based on inclusion criteria who have given consent for the study.

Results: A total of 35 women were enrolled for this study. Mean age of the study subjects is 36.51 years. A report suggests a prevalence of 2-6% with palpation, 19-35% with ultrasound, and 8-65% in autopsy data while a prevalence of 4-7% has been estimated in another.

Conclusion: The prevalence of goitre is different according to the geographical region, age and sex. Majority of the study subjects had Swelling of neck. Among Biopsy reports majority were diagnosed as Multy nodular goiter. We recommend further detailed study in this area to explore further details for the benefit og general population.